Give an Example of Using Logic to Solve a Problem

Logical Reasoning: Solved Examples

Go through the given solved examples based on logical puzzles to understand the concept better

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1. Tanuj is older than Eina. Chetan is older than Tanuj. Eina is older than Chetan. If the first 2 statements are true, the 3rd statement is

   A. True

   B. False

   C. Uncertain

   

   Sol: Option B
   Explanation: If the first two statements are true, then Eina is the youngest of the three, so the third statement is necessarily false.

2. LOO, MON, NOM, OOL, ____

   A. POK

   B. HOL

   C. HOK

   D. JOI

   Sol: Option A
   Explanation: The 2nd letter is static, so concentrate on the 1st and 3rd letters. This series involves an alphabetical order with a reversal of the letters. The 1st letters are in alphabetical order: L, M, N, O & P. The 2nd and 4th segments are reversals of the 1st and 3rd segments. The missing segment begins with a new letter.

3. FXGB, HXIB, JXKB, _____, NXOB

   A. OXPB

   B. KXMB

   C. LXLB

   D. LXMB

   Sol: Option D
   Explanation: The 2nd & 4th letters in the series, X and B, are static. The 1st & 3rd letters consist of an alphabetical order beginning with the letter F.

4. DNN, FPP, HRR, _____, LVV

   A. GRR

   B. GSS

   C. JTT

   D. ITT

   Sol: Option C
   Explanation: The 1st letters are in alphabetical order, with a letter skipped in between each segment: D, F, H, J, L. The 2nd & 3rd letters are repeated; these letters are also in order with a skipped letter as was in the previous case: N, P, R, T, V.

5. Pens cost more than pencils.
   Pens cost less than eraser.
   Erasers cost more than pencils and pens.
   If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

   A. True

   B. False

   C. Uncertain

   Sol: Option A
   Explanation: If the first two statements are true, then Erasers are the most expensive of the three stationery items.

6. Find the next number in the sequence: 30, 45, 90, 225, 675

   A. 1890

   B. 1745

   C. 1845

   D. 2362.5

   Sol: Option D
   Explanation: The logic is
   30 *1.5 = 45
   45* 2= 90
   90*2.5 = 225
   225*3 = 675
   675 * 3.5 = 2362.5

7. Find the next number in the sequence: 190, 94, 46, 22, 10, 4

   Sol: Option B
   Explanation: Logic is: 190/2 = 95 – 1 = 94
   94/2 = 47 -1 = 46
   46/2 = 23 – 1 = 22
   22/ 2= 11-1= 10
   10/2= 5-1= 4
   4/2= 2-1 = 1

8. Find the next number in the sequence: 16, 30, 54, 88, 132…

   A. 186

   B. 188

   C. 190

   D. 206

   Sol: Option A
   Explanation: Logic is: difference is 14, 24, 34, 44, 54….
   Next term should be 132 + 54 = 186

9. Find the next number in the sequence… 20, 38, 62, 92, 128…

   A. 164

   B. 184

   C. 204

   D. 170

   Sol: Option D
   Explanation: Logic is: The difference is 18, 24, 30, 36, 42.
   Next term should be 128 + 42 = 170

10. Mayank walks faster than Gurjot.
    Lalit walks faster than Mayank.
    Gurjot walks faster than Lalit.
    If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

    A. True

    B. False

    C. Uncertain

    Sol: Option B
    Explanation: We know from the first 2 statements that Lalit walks fastest. Therefore, the third statement is necessarily false.

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Give an Example of Using Logic to Solve a Problem

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